摘要 脓毒症高致死率使其成为人类健康的重大威胁，其发病机制尚未完全明确，已知免疫失衡是其主要发病机制之一。高迁移率族蛋白B1(High Mobility Group Box1 Protein，HMGB1)是致免疫失衡的关键因子，有RAGE、TLRs和CD24等多种受体，可通过与受体结合，介导多种信号转导通路，从而发挥免疫调节功能。中药以单体和复方治疗脓毒症均取得一定进展，有待进一步结合现代医学共同应对脓毒症挑战。

    关键词 脓毒症；免疫失衡；高迁移率族蛋白B1；受體；中医药；免疫调节；信号转导通路；治疗进展

    Abstract The high fatality rate of sepsis has become a major threat to human health， and its pathogenesis has not been fully defined. Now we know immunologic dissonance is one of the main pathogenesis of sepsis. HMGB1 is a key factor for the immune imbalance. There are many kinds of receptors ......